14-parameter test strips (URS-14F)

What do the Parameters Mean?

• Urobilinogen (URO): the presence of excreted urobilinogen suggests a possible deterioration of liver functions. Urobilinogen is the breakdown product of bilirubin

  Expected Results: less than 17 µmol / l (<1mg / dl)

• Bilirubin (BIL): The detection of Bilirubin in the urine is an early indication of liver disease. Bilirubin is the breakdown product of hemoglobin. Note: These two parameters (Urobilinogen and Bilirubin) are commonly used to screen for possible liver disease.

  Expected Result: Negative

• Ketone (KET): The control of urinary ketone is useful in managing and monitoring type 1diabetes.

  Expected Result: Negative

• Blood (BLD): Blood in the urine is called hematuria. A number of things can cause hematuria including UTI, Kidney infection, medication, menstruation, strenuous exercise

  Expected Result: Negative

• Protein (PRO): This test is usually run to screen for kidney disease. Protein in the urine is called Proteinuria.

  Expected Result: Negative

• Nitrite (NIT): Screening for possible asymptomatic infections caused by nitrate-reducing bacteria - Suggesting a possible UTI. 
  Note: These two parameters (Leukocytes and Nitrite) are commonly used to screen for possible Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)

  Expected Result: Negative

• Leukocytes (LEU): The detection of white blood cells in the urine suggests a possible UTI.

  Expected Result: Negative

• Glucose (GLU): Glucose in the urine could indicate diabetes or renal glycosuria.

  Expected Result: Negative.

• Specific Gravity (SG): Evaluates the body’s water balance (hydration) and urine concentration and helps evaluate kidney functions and possible kidney diseases

  Expected Results: Low at 1,000 but normal ranges from 1.020 to 1.030

• рН: Measures the acidity in your urine which may be a sign of kidney stones. Your pH varies during the day going from more acid in the am to more alkaline in the pm.

  Expected Results: Low

• Ascorbic Acid (VC): People taking vitamin C may have large amounts of ascorbic acid in their urine. Ascorbic acid is known to interfere with the accuracy of some chemical test strips, causing them to be falsely low or falsely negative. Examples of tests that may be affected include the urine dipstick tests for glucose, blood, bilirubin, nitrite, and glucose
• Albumin (MAL): Timely detection of microalbuminuria reduces the risk of developing the following diseases: onset of kidney disease; complications associated with diabetes; the risk of cardiovascular disease; risk of complications associated with pregnancy in diabetic patients.

  Expected Results: The result of an albumin concentration of 0.02 - 0.3 g / l will be applied to microalbuminuria.

• Creatinine (CRE): Creatinine is the result of the breakdown of creatine and creatine phosphate excreted by the kidneys. It is used to assess the excretory and filtration functions of the kidneys.
• Ca++: The study of calcium in the urine allows you to determine the amount of incoming calcium, as well as whether there is a balance between its absorption, bone absorption and excretion by the kidneys.